Cell wall biology

The Biotechnology Group, AU-DJF

 

Our research is focused on the biosynthesis and biological function of plant cell wall polysaccharides. We are particularly interested in pectin. This complex class of polymers is responsible for cell adhesion, controls porosity and charge density in the wall and probably plays a role cell expansion, although this is not widely recognized. Pectin has many industrial applications, both well-established applications as food ingredients, and in emerging areas like coating of medical devices.

 

A main objective of our research is to identify glycosyl transferases (GTs) that are involved in the synthesis of the two branched pectic polysaccharides of pectin, rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) and rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II). The functional significance of RG-II as a load-bearing structure that depends on borate, is rather well understood. The precise role of RG-I is less clear. We have devised a method for the in vivo remodeling of plant cell wall polysaccharides. This technique is suited for the production of tailored polysaccharides for industrial uses and we have used it in biophysical studies in which we try to shed light on the significance of RG-I-side chain structures.

We take part in WallNet, a European Marie Curie training network that focuses on glycosyl transferase functional genomics (coordinated by Henrik V. Scheller).

Also wall catabolism has our interest. The middle lamella is responsible for cell adhesion and is composed of homogalacturonan-rich pectic polymers. We are interested in the regulation of enzymes that depolymerise the middle lamella during controlled cell separation, in particular with regard to pod shatter in oilseed rape.

 

Contact person:
Peter Ulvskov